Lesson: All About Datagrams
Some applications that you write to communicate over the network will
not require the reliable, point-to-point channel provided by TCP.
Rather, your applications might benefit from a mode of communication
that delivers independent packages of information whose arrival and
order of arrival are not guaranteed.
The UDP protocol provides a mode of network communication whereby
applications send packets of data, called datagrams, to one another. A
datagram is an independent, self-contained message sent over the
network whose arrival, arrival time, and content are not guaranteed.
The DatagramPacket and DatagramSocket
classes in the java.net package
implement system-independent datagram communication using UDP.
A datagram is an independent, self-contained message sent over
the network whose arrival, arrival time, and content are not
guaranteed.
This section walks you through an example that contains two Java
programs that use datagrams to communicate. The server side is a quote
server that listens to its
DatagramSocket and sends a quotation to a
client whenever the client requests it. The client side is a simple
program that simply makes a request of the server.
This section modifies the quote server so that
instead of sending a quotation to a single client upon request, the
quote server broadcasts a quote every minute to as many clients as are
listening. The client program must be modified accordingly.
Note:
Many firewalls and routers are configured not to allow UDP packets. If
you have trouble connecting to a service outside your firewall, or if
clients have trouble connecting to your service, ask your system
administrator if UDP is permitted.
