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Methods for Drawing and Event Handling

Using the Paint Method

To draw the applet's representation within a browser page, you use the paint method.

For example, the Simple applet defines its onscreen appearance by overriding the paint method:

public void paint(Graphics g) {
	//Draw a Rectangle around the applet's display area.
        g.drawRect(0, 0, 
		   getWidth() - 1,
		   getHeight() - 1);

	//Draw the current string inside the rectangle.
        g.drawString(buffer.toString(), 5, 15);
    }

Applets inherit the paint method from the the Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) Container class.

Handling Events

Applets inherit a group of event-handling methods from the Container class.

The Container class defines several methods, such as processKeyEvent and processMouseEvent, for handling particular types of events, and then one catch-all method called processEvent.

To react to an event, an applet must override the appropriate event-specific method. For example, the following program, SimpleClick, implements a MouseListener and overrides the mouseClicked method.

/*
 * 1.5 version.
 */

import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.applet.Applet;
import java.awt.Graphics;

//No need to extend JApplet, since we don't add any components;
//we just paint.
public class SimpleClick extends Applet 
			 implements MouseListener {

    StringBuffer buffer;

    public void init() {
	addMouseListener(this);
	buffer = new StringBuffer();
        addItem("initializing... ");
    }

    public void start() {
        addItem("starting... ");
    }

    public void stop() {
        addItem("stopping... ");
    }

    public void destroy() {
        addItem("preparing for unloading...");
    }

    void addItem(String newWord) {
        System.out.println(newWord);
        buffer.append(newWord);
        repaint();
    }

    public void paint(Graphics g) {
	//Draw a Rectangle around the applet's display area.
        g.drawRect(0, 0, 
		   getWidth() - 1,
		   getHeight() - 1);

	//Draw the current string inside the rectangle.
        g.drawString(buffer.toString(), 5, 15);
    }

    //The following empty methods could be removed
    //by implementing a MouseAdapter (usually done
    //using an inner class).
    public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent event) {
    }
    public void mouseExited(MouseEvent event) {
    }
    public void mousePressed(MouseEvent event) {
    }
    public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent event) {
    }

    public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent event) {
	addItem("click!... ");
    }
}

Below is the resulting applet. When you click within its rectangle, it displays the word "click!...".

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You can't run applets. Here's what you'd see if you could:

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Note: If you don't see the applet running above, you need to install Java Plug-in, which happens automatically when you install the J2SE JRE or JDK. We strongly recommend that you install the latest version; at least 1.4.2 is required for all our applets. You can find more information in the Java Plug-in home page.

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